This lesson was designed in combination with this research essay.
This is a demonstration lesson I did in which I experimented with using Bottom Up Listening Activities described in the book Teaching ESL/EFL Listening and Speaking by I.S.P. Nation and Jonathon Newton (A). (It also includes several Top Down Listening exercises, but those are all pretty standard. The more experimental activities all come from Nation and Newton's book.)
The lesson is divided into several stages.
The listening transcript comes from Lifestyles Elementary Textbook. As it was presented in the textbook , the audio was meant to practice the idea of subject verb agreement in the present simple. It can still be considered perhaps as a noticing activity for that grammar point, in addition to building up general bottom-up listening skills.
The audio file was embedded on the PowerPoint, although I'm not sure whether the embedded audio will survive the transition to Google Documents or not. The original audio file is not so important, however, because all of the dictation activities rely on teacher reading the transcript slowly, and with pauses after every phrase. Anyway, the Google Docs version of the PowerPoint is here (drive, slides, pub), and embedded below.
Visuals and signposting for just about every activity described are on the PowerPoint.
The lesson is divided into 4 stages.
1). Pre-listening stages
2). Top Down Listening Stages
3). Bottom Up Listening Stages
4). Production activities.
Since this was a demonstration lesson, all of the lesson stages are detailed in a CELTA style lesson plan. (On Google: drive, docs, pub, and embedded below).
However, I'll quickly write down all the steps here as well.
Pre-Listening
Vocabulary--students are given several example sentences with the new vocabulary words, and have to match them to the definitions. Feedback on PowerPoint. Then students discuss six questions related to the vocabulary words in pairs. Google: drive, docs, pubPrediction for Jobs. Students do a Board relay race in teams which they list as many jobs as they can on the whiteboard in a 4 minute period.
Students then match the jobs to the definitions. Feedback on the PowerPoint. Then students rank the jobs from most stressful to least stressful. (The students have slips of paper which are cut up, and they place the jobs on a grid of most to least stressful.) Once the students have negotiated the order with a partner, they are then paired up with another pair of 2, and the group of 4 now has to negotiate a list everyone can agree on. Finally, feedback for the whole class. Google: drive, docs, pub
Top Down Listening
Gist listening. Students listen to the CD, and just answer what is the most stressful job. (Answer: Librarian)
Listening for detail 1: The students are given a set of cards (that the teacher has cut up and shuffled) and they have to match the job to the description. They check their predictions by listening to the CD. Feedback on PowerPoint.
Listening for detail 2: The students have to list the 4 reasons why librarians say their job is so stressful. Feedback on PowerPoint.
Bottom Up Listening
Pre-dictation Exercise (described in Nation & Newton). Before the dictation, students have an opportunity to study the transcript. Teacher directs students to certain language features by telling them to underline the first all the "s" on plural nouns, secondly all the "s" on singular verbs, finally all the possessive "s". Feedback for all of this is on the PowerPoint.
Then the completion dictation (also from Nation & Newton). The teacher reads the transcript slowly, and the students have to write down exactly the words the teacher says. This is meant to promote bottom-up listening (listening to the actual words of the listening, instead of just to the main ideas.) In the completion exercise described by Nation & Newton, the students do several versions of the same dictation. In the first dictation, they only have to fill in a few missing words. By the fifth dictation, they have to recreate the whole text.
Another idea from Nation & Newton is to give the students feedback immediately after each sentence, so that they can judge the accuracy of their perceptions before moving on to the next sentence. All of the feedback is on PowerPoint.
Finally, after the last dictation has been completed, there's a running dictation exercise. The transcript is posted outside the room. One student goes and looks at the transcript, but can not write anything down. They have to hold as many words in their short term memory as possible, run back and report these words to their partner, who writes them down, and then go out to check the transcript for the next words.
The transcript is divided into two for the running dictation,so that both partners have a chance at each role. Google: drive, docs, pub
Production Activities
Speaking: the students jot down 4 things that are stressful about their work or school, and then compare with a partner to see who has the more stressful job/school life.
Writing: students write a short paragraph about what causes them stress in their life.
Match the word to the definition
1).
alone _____
2).
body _____
3).
boring _____
4).
dangerous _____
5).
interview _____
6).
manage _____
7).
situation _____
8).
stress _____
9).
stressful _____
10).
training _____
|
A).
without other people
B).
to ask someone questions
C).
making you stressed
D).
feelings of worry caused by difficult situations such as problems at work
E).
the set of things that are happening and the conditions that exist at a
particular time and place
F).
something that can harm you
G).
to do something or deal with something successfully
H).
to teach someone how to do something, usually a skill that is needed for a
job
I).
not interesting or exciting
J).the
whole physical structure of a person or animal
|
alone
She decided to climb the mountain alone.
Do you like living alone?
At last, we're alone together (= there are just the two of us here).
I don't like the man and I'm not alone in that (= other people agree).
body
The human body is a wonderful thing.
They covered their bodies with mud.
boring
I feel bored because I have a boring job.
I feel bored because my teacher is boring.
The film was so boring, I fell asleep.
dangerous
A dangerous
chemical can harm you.
It's dangerous to ride a motorcycle without a helmet.
interview
Police are interviewing a 43-year-old man in connection with the murder.
So far we've interviewed five applicants for the Managing Director's job.
manage
Will you be able to manage on your own?
Anyway, we managed to get there on time.
situation
Her news put me in a difficult situation.
"Would you get involved in a
fight?" "It would depend on the situation."
stress
He has a lot of work-related stress.
Regular exercise can help reduce stress.
She's been under a lot of stress recently.
stressful
She has a stressful job.
training
He took a training course for his job.
She is studying at a teacher-training college.
New staff have a week's training in how to use the system.
Discussion questions:
1. What was the most dangerous situation
you have ever been in in your life? How
did you manage it?
2. When you have free time, do you
prefer to be alone or with other people?
What do you do when you’re alone?
3. What training have you had in your
life?
4. What makes you stressed? Do you have any stressful things in your
life?
5. What is the most boring movie you
have ever seen?
6. If you could interview any famous
person, who would you choose?
Match the jobs to the descriptions
1).
air traffic controller______
2).
librarian______
3).
photojournalist______
4).
police officer______
5).
psychologist______
6).
surgeon______
|
A).
someone who takes photographs for news programs or newspapers
B).
a person who works in a library (=a building, that has a collection of books
for people to read or borrow)
C).
someone who studies the human mind and human emotions and behaviour, and how
different situations have an effect on people
D).
someone who is responsible for protecting people and property, making people
obey the law, finding out about and solving crime, and catching people who
have committed a crime
E).
a doctor who is specially trained to perform medical operations
F).
someone who manages aircraft from the ground as they take off, fly, and land
|
Arrange the jobs on the grid from most stressful to least
stressful:
The most stressful job
|
The 2nd most stressful job
|
The 3rd most stressful job
|
The 4th most stressful job
|
The 5th most stressful job
|
The least stressful job
|
Cut up strips and have students arrange strips on the grid.
photojournalist
|
air traffic controller
|
librarian
|
surgeon
|
psychologist
|
police officer
|
Listening for detail.
Cut up and shuffle. Students
match description to the job while listening to the CD.
a photojournalist
|
often travels to dangerous places
|
a librarian
|
spends every day in a quiet room
|
a surgeon
|
looks inside people’s bodies
|
a librarian
|
opens books
|
an air traffic controller
|
manages new situations every day
|
a librarian
|
sees the same old books all the time
|
police officers
|
get a lot of help and training
|
librarians
|
are all alone with their stress
|
Listening for detail 2:
What is so stressful about a librarian’s job? Listen again to the CD, and write down 4
things.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Listening for detail 2:
What is so stressful about a librarian’s job? Listen again to the CD, and write down 4
things.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Photojournalists,
air traffic controllers, librarians, surgeons,…Who has the most stress at
work? Psychologist Saqib Saddiq says
that librarians have the most stressful job.
Why? How is that possible? A photojournalist often travels to dangerous
places, but a librarian spends every day in a quiet room. A surgeon looks inside people’s bodies, but a
librarian only opens books. An air
traffic controller manages new situations every day, but a librarian sees the
same old books all the time. What, then,
is so stressful about a librarian’s job?
To find out, Mr Saddiq interviewed a lot of librarians. Here are the things that librarians say about
their job: “Libraries are boring places.” “A librarian doesn’t do a lot of
different things: every day at work is the same, week after week.” “Other people often tell us what to do.” People in dangerous jobs, for example police
officers, get a lot of help and training, but librarians are all alone with
their stress because we think they have an easy job.
Dictation 1
Photojournalists,
air traffic controllers, librarians, surgeons,…Who has the most stress
___________ work? Psychologist Saqib
Saddiq says that librarians ___________ the most stressful job. Why?
How is ___________ possible? A
photojournalist often travels ___________ dangerous places, but a librarian
spends every day ___________ a quiet room.
A surgeon looks ___________ people’s bodies, but a librarian ___________
opens books. An air traffic controller
manages ___________ situations every day, but a librarian sees ___________ same
old books all the time. What, then, is
so stressful ___________ a librarian’s job?
To find out, Mr Saddiq interviewed a ___________ of librarians. Here are the ___________ that librarians say
about their job: “Libraries are boring places.” “A librarian doesn’t do a lot
___________ different things: every day at ___________ is the same, week after
week.” “Other people often tell us
___________ to do.” People in dangerous
jobs, ___________ example police officers, get a lot of ___________ and
training, but librarians are all alone with their stress ___________ we think
they have an easy job.
Dictation 2
Photojournalists,
___________ traffic controllers, librarians, ___________,…Who has the
___________ stress ___________ work?
Psychologist Saqib Saddiq ___________ that librarians ___________ the
most ___________ job. Why? ___________ is ___________ possible? A photojournalist ___________ travels
___________ dangerous ___________, but a librarian ___________ every day
___________ a quiet room. A surgeon
looks ___________ people’s ___________, but a librarian ___________ opens
books. An air ___________ controller
manages ___________ situations every ___________, but a librarian sees
___________ same old ___________ all the time.
What, ___________, is so stressful ___________ a librarian’s job? To find out, Mr Saddiq interviewed a ___________
of librarians. Here are the ___________
that ___________ say ___________ their job: “Libraries are ___________ places.”
“A librarian doesn’t do a lot ___________ different things: every day at
___________ is the same, ___________ after week.” “Other ___________ often tell us ___________
to do.” People in dangerous jobs,
___________ example police ___________, get a lot of ___________ and training,
but ___________ are all ___________ with their stress ___________ we think
___________ have an easy job.
Dictation 3
Photojournalists,
___________ traffic ___________, librarians, ___________,…Who ___________ the
___________ stress ___________ work?
___________ Saqib Saddiq ___________ that librarians ___________ the
most ___________ job. Why? ___________ is ___________ possible? ___________ photojournalist ___________
travels ___________ dangerous ___________, but ___________ librarian
___________ every day ___________ a ___________ room. A ___________ looks ___________ people’s
___________, but ___________ librarian ___________ opens ___________. An air ___________ controller manages
___________ situations every ___________, but ___________ librarian sees
___________ same old ___________ all ___________ time. What, ___________, is ___________ stressful
___________ a librarian’s job? To
___________ out, Mr Saddiq ___________ a ___________ of librarians. Here ___________ the ___________ that
___________ say ___________ their job: “___________ are ___________ places.” “A
___________ doesn’t ___________ a lot ___________ different ___________: every
___________ at ___________ is ___________ same, ___________ after
___________.” “Other ___________ often
___________ us ___________ to ___________.”
People ___________ dangerous jobs, ___________ example police
___________, get ___________ lot of ___________ and ___________, but
___________ are all ___________ with ___________ stress ___________ we think
___________ have ___________ easy job.
Dictation 4
___________,
___________ traffic ___________, ___________, ___________,…Who ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________? ___________ Saqib Saddiq ___________
___________ librarians ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________. Why?
___________ is ___________ ___________?
___________ ___________ ___________ travels ___________ ___________
___________, ___________ ___________ librarian ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________. ___________ ___________ looks ___________
___________ ___________, but ___________ librarian ___________ ___________
___________. ___________ ___________
___________ controller ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________, but ___________ ___________ sees ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________. ___________, ___________, ___________
___________ stressful ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________? ___________ ___________ ___________,
___________ Saddiq ___________ ___________ ___________ of ___________. ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ that ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________:
“___________ are ___________ ___________.” “___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ lot ___________ ___________ ___________: ___________
___________ at ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________, ___________
after ___________.” “___________
___________ often ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.” ___________ ___________ ___________
___________, ___________ example ___________ ___________, ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ and ___________, but
___________ ___________ all ___________ with ___________ ___________
___________ we ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ easy
___________.
Dictation 5
___________,
___________ ___________ ___________, ___________, ___________,…___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________? ___________ Saqib Saddiq ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________. ___________?
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________? ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________, ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________. ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________, ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________. ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________, ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________. ___________, ___________, ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________? ___________ ___________ ___________,
___________ Saddiq ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________. ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________: “______________________ ___________ ___________.” “___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________: ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________, ___________ ___________ ___________.” “___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.” ___________ ___________ ___________
___________, ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________, ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________, ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________.
Running Dictation 1
Photojournalists,
air traffic controllers, librarians, surgeons,…Who has the most stress at
work? Psychologist Saqib Saddiq says
that librarians have the most stressful job.
Why? How is that possible? A photojournalist often travels to dangerous
places, but a librarian spends every day in a quiet room. A surgeon looks inside people’s bodies, but a
librarian only opens books. An air
traffic controller manages new situations every day, but a librarian sees the
same old books all the time. What, then,
is so stressful about a librarian’s job?
running dictation 1
___________,
___________ ___________ ___________, ___________, ___________,…___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________? ___________ Saqib Saddiq ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________. ___________? ___________ ___________ ___________
___________? ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________, ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________.
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________,
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________. ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________,
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________. ___________, ___________, ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________?
Running Dictation 2
To find out, Mr Saddiq interviewed a lot of librarians. Here are the things that librarians say about
their job: “Libraries are boring places.” “A librarian doesn’t do a lot of
different things: every day at work is the same, week after week.” “Other people often tell us what to do.” People in dangerous jobs, for example police
officers, get a lot of help and training, but librarians are all alone with
their stress because we think they have an easy job.
Running Dictation 2
___________
___________ ___________, ___________ Saddiq ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________. ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________: “______________________ ___________
___________.” “___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________: ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________, ___________
___________ ___________.” “___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________.” ___________ ___________
___________ ___________, ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________,
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________, ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.
Stress
We
all have some stress in our lives. If you’re a student, write down 4 things
about your studies that make you stressed. If you’re working, write down 4
things about your job that make you stressed.
1.
|
2.
|
3.
|
4.
|
Discuss
your answers with a partner. Who has the
more stressful job/school life?
Stress
We
all have some stress in our lives. If you’re a student, write down 4 things
about your studies that make you stressed. If you’re working, write down 4
things about your job that make you stressed.
1.
|
2.
|
3.
|
4.
|
Discuss
your answers with a partner. Who has the
more stressful job/school life?
Homework:
Write a short paragraph about all the things in your life that make you
stressed:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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